The conflict centered on the question of whether Kansas, upon gaining statehood, would join the Union as a slave state or a free state. It has been called a Tragic Prelude, or an overture, to the American Civil War, which immediately followed it. According to Kansapedia of the Kansas Historical Society, 56 political killings were documented during the period, and the total may be as high as 200. The conflict was characterized by years of electoral fraud, raids, assaults, and murders carried out in the Kansas Territory and neighboring Missouri by proslavery " border ruffians" and antislavery " free-staters". It emerged from a political and ideological debate over the legality of slavery in the proposed state of Kansas. Bleeding Kansas, Bloody Kansas, or the Border War was a series of violent civil confrontations in Kansas Territory, and to a lesser extent in western Missouri, between 18.
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